Accessibility legislation: United Kingdom

The Equality Act is the main law governing digital accessibility in the UK. While the UK does not have a single dedicated digital accessibility law for the private sector, the Equality Act creates a clear legal obligation for businesses to make their websites, mobile apps, and online services accessible.

Enforcement is overseen by the Equality and Human Rights Commission (EHRC), which provides guidance and has the authority to take legal action where accessibility barriers are found. UK businesses that also operate in the EU must additionally comply with the European Accessibility Act (EAA) from 28 June 2025.

The Equality Act applies to all private sector organizations that provide goods, services, or facilities to the public. This includes both large corporations and small businesses. In the digital environment, this covers:

• Web content and applications: Public-facing websites and web applications must be designed for inclusive access.
• Mobile applications: Apps linked to essential services such as retail, banking, or travel must meet accessibility best practices.
• Digital documents and media: PDFs, online forms, and videos necessary for accessing services must be accessible.
• Software interfaces: Customer portals, booking systems, and account tools must work for users with different accessibility needs.

The Equality Act does not specify technical exemptions, but there are limited situations where obligations may be reduced:

• • Disproportionate burden: If accessibility adjustments would be unreasonable in terms of cost or resources, they may be modified—though justification is required.
  • Third-party content beyond control: External platforms or embedded tools managed entirely by third parties may fall outside direct responsibility.
  • Archived or historic content: Older materials not actively used in service delivery may be exempt unless still essential for customers.